Monocrystalline Vs. Polycrystalline Solar Panels
There are three major types of photovoltaic solar panels: monocrystalline panels, polycrystalline panels, and amorphous panels. At Mid South, we deal exclusively with monocrystalline panels and polycrystalline panels. Below we explore the advantages and disadvantages of both solar panel technologies. As you begin your research, you should acquaint yourself with the term conversion efficiency. Conversion efficiency is listed as a percentage. That conversion efficiency of a panel is the percentage of sunlight that a panel can convert into electricity.
A monocrystalline solar panel
You will best recognize monocrystalline PV panels as the iconic black or iridescent blue panels seen on some rooftops. Monocrystalline solar panels are one of the most efficient photovoltaic (PV) solar panels available. They are one of the oldest, most efficient, and most dependable PV panels in use today. Each cell is made from a single silicon crystal which makes it much more efficient than the alternative polycrystalline panel, but it also makes it more expensive. Monocrystalline solar panels are considered to be the "workhorse" in the solar industry due to the conversion efficiency of the cells and the lesser space required on the roof per module versus polycrystalline modules. The minimum lifespan of monocrystalline solar panels is 25 years, but panels can last up to 50 years. Monocrystalline panels have the best conversion efficiency at about 17%.
A polycrystalline solar panel
Polycrystalline panels are made from a block of silicon that has multiple crystals. Polycrystalline cells are square in shape, and the surface resembles a mosaic. Polycrystalline panels are typically less efficient and require more space per square foot to produce the same output as a monocrystalline module. They are just as durable as monocrystalline panels. However, they are simpler and cheaper to manufacture which makes them more affordable for the consumer. Polycrystalline panels generally cost between $8.5 and $10 a watt. They have a 12% to 12.5% conversion efficiency.
The standard rating of a panel is based on ideal conditions which are about 75 degrees Fahrenheit. Panels operating above 115 degrees Fahrenheit (as will occur on most roofs in the middle of the summertime), are less efficient. If panels rise beyond these temperatures, they lose between 12% and 33% of their conversion efficiency. Monocrystalline modules suffer lesser reductions in efficiency (from 12% to 15% loss) than polycrystalline (at about 14 to 33% loss)panels. Be sure to take into account the temperature in your area before deciding on which type of solar panel is right for you.
Mid South offers you Schuco monocrystalline and polycrystalline panels for you olar photovoltaic (PV) and solar thermal systems at our locations in Virginia and Pennsylvania: Springfield, VA, Charlottesville, VA, Fredericksburg, VA, Fishersville, VA, Richmond, VA, Winchester, VA, and Camp Hill, PA.